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从相册获取照片并获取存储路径的实现指南

在开发过程中，有时候需要从设备相册中获取照片，并获取对应的存储路径或Uniform Resource Identifier (Uri)。以下是基于Android平台的实现步骤和详细说明。

一、常见的图片选取方式

图片获取通常有两种主要方式：

二、细致分为三个案例

案例1：普通的相册照片回传，无其他要求

这种情况下，我们只需要获取图片数据并显示即可。代码实现如下：

MainActivity:

package com.example.dow.cameraphoto; import android.content.ContentResolver; import android.content.Intent; import android.database.Cursor; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import android.net.Uri; import android.provider.MediaStore; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.TextView; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private ImageView mImg; private TextView mBtn; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mBtn = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.btn); mImg = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img); mBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { startActivityForResult(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK).setType("image/*"), 0); } }); } @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data); ContentResolver contentResolver = getContentResolver(); Bitmap bitmap = null; try { bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(contentResolver.openInputStream(data.getData())); Log.i("TAG", "从相册回传bitmap：" + bitmap); mImg.setImageBitmap(bitmap); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }

案例2：相册照片回传，获取对应的Uri与图片的绝对路径

这种情况下，我们需要同时获取图片的Uri路径和绝对存储路径。代码实现如下：

MainActivity:

package com.example.dow.photoup; import android.content.ContentResolver; import android.content.Intent; import android.database.Cursor; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Environment; import android.provider.MediaStore; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.TextView; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.IOException; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private TextView mBtn; private TextView mPath; private TextView mUri; private ImageView mImage; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); initView(); initEvent(); } private void initEvent() { mBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { startActivityForResult(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK).setType("image/*"), 0); } }); } private void initView() { mBtn = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.btn); mPath = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_path); mUri = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_uri); mImage = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv_bitmap); } @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data); ContentResolver contentResolver = getContentResolver(); Bitmap bitmap = null; try { if (requestCode == 0) { Uri uri = data.getData(); Log.e("tag", "uri = " + uri); mUri.setText("Uri地址：" + uri); bitmap = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(contentResolver, uri); mImage.setImageBitmap(bitmap); String[] proj = { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA }; Cursor cursor = managedQuery(uri, proj, null, null, null); if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) { int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA); String path = cursor.getString(column_index); Log.e("tag", "path = " + path); mPath.setText("Path地址：" + path); } } } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTra`e(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }

案例3：通过已封装好的工具，快速实现以上操作

为了提高开发效率，可以使用自定义工具类来处理图片Uri和路径的转换。工具类实现如下：

PhotoUtil:

package com.example.dow.photoup; import android.content.ContentResolver; import android.content.ContentValues; import android.content.Context; import android.database.Cursor; import android.net.Uri; import android.provider.MediaStore; public class PhotoUtil { public static String getFilePathFromContentUri(Uri selectedVideoUri, ContentResolver contentResolver) { String filePath; String[] filePathColumn = { MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA }; Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(selectedVideoUri, filePathColumn, null, null, null); cursor.moveToFirst(); int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(filePathColumn[0]); filePath = cursor.getString(columnIndex); cursor.close(); return filePath; } public static Uri getImageContentUri(Context context, java.io.File imageFile) { String filePath = imageFile.getAbsolutePath(); Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, new String[] { MediaStore.Images.Media._ID }, MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA + "=? ", new String[] { filePath }, null); if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) { int id = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.MediaColumns._ID)); Uri baseUri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media"); return Uri.withAppendedPath(baseUri, "" + id); } else { if (imageFile.exists()) { ContentValues values = new ContentValues(); values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA, filePath); return context.getContentResolver().insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values); } else { return null; } } } }

通过以上实现，可以轻松获取图片的Uri路径和绝对存储路径，满足不同场景的需求。

三、前期了解

在满足照片回传的同时，你还可以获取Uri路径或绝对路径：

Uri路径示例： uri = content://media/external/images/media/88484

绝对路径示例： path = /storage/emulated/0/Pictures/Screenshots/S70620-110151.jpg

案例Log： 06-21 11:44:57.434 30071-30071/com.example.dow.photoup E/tag: uri = content://media/external/images/media/8848406 21 11:44:57.526 30071-30071/com.example.dow.photoup E/tag: path = /storage/emulated/0/Pictures/Screenshots/S70620-110151.jpg

注意：

案例2与案例3，MainAcitivity代码有些许不同，Xml相同，案例3多了一个PhotoUtil的转换工具类。

Effect 1： 图片描述：这里写图片描述

案例 - 1

MainActivity Xml:

案例 - 2

MainActivity Xml:

案例 - 3

MainActivity Xml:

最炫工具类来了，直接Copy！！！

photoUtil

package com.example.dow.photoup; import android.content.ContentResolver; import android.content.ContentValues; import android.content.Context; import android.database.Cursor; import android.net.Uri; import android.provider.MediaStore; public class PhotoUtil { public static String getFilePathFromContentUri(Uri selectedVideoUri, ContentResolver contentResolver) { String filePath; String[] filePathColumn = { MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA }; Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(selectedVideoUri, filePathColumn, null, null, null); cursor.moveToFirst(); int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(filePathColumn[0]); filePath = cursor.getString(columnIndex); cursor.close(); return filePath; } public static Uri getImageContentUri(Context context, java.io.File imageFile) { String filePath = imageFile.getAbsolutePath(); Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, new String[] { MediaStore.Images.Media._ID }, MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA + "=? ", new String[] { filePath }, null); if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) { int id = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.MediaColumns._ID)); Uri baseUri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media"); return Uri.withAppendedPath(baseUri, "" + id); } else { if (imageFile.exists()) { ContentValues values = new ContentValues(); values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA, filePath); return context.getContentResolver().insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values); } else { return null; } } } }

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